Climates

In EM we were studying the different type of climates. Then we had to summarize the information that we found. Here is my summary.

Cold climates



This climate is characteristic for having cold temperatures. Cold climates are located in the high artic. Summer in this climate is from october to february, the temperatures are of -29F. In winter temperatures are of -40F or -50F. Polar bears are well adapted to this climate.
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Savanna

Savanna is located on either side of the equator on the edges of tropical rainforests.

Savanna temperature is warm. There are two different seasons, the long dry season (winter), and a very wet season (summer). During dry season, there are no rainfalls (4 inches) and temperatures are of 70F. During summer there is a lot of rain (15 to 25 inches) and temperature rises.  savannas are covered with acacia trees. The Serengeti Plains of Tanzania are some of the most well known. Here animals like lions, zebras, elephants, and giraffes and many types of ungulates(animals with hooves) graze and hunt. Many herbivores and meat eaters.Plants of the savannas are highly specialized to grow in this environment of long periods of drought. More information

TundraThis climate is very cold. It is a treeless climate. Summer just lasts from 6 to 10 weeks and the highest temperatures are of 45F to 50F. Although it is not enough to get tundra warmer. As it is so cold, there is a permanent layer of permafrost. During winter, days are all dark and  temperatures don't reach above 20° F and average -20° to -30°F. Precipitation totals 6-10 inches of rain a year, which includes melted snow. This is a dry climate. The most typical plants in tundra are: Arctic Moss, ArcticWillow, Bearberry, Caribou Moss, Diamond-leaf Willow, Labrador, Tea, Pasque Flower and Tufted Saxifrage.

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Moonson
The moonson climate is located beyond the equatorial region between 10◦ and 25 ◦ and North and South of the equator.The countries are along the coastal regions of southwest India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar, South western Africa, French Guiana, and northeast and southeastern Brazil.The monsoon climate has a high mean annual temperature and a small annual temperature range. The average annual temperature is 80F  but only has an annual temperature range of 3F. Though the annual amount of precipitation is quite similar to that of the rain forest, monsoon precipitation is concentrated into the high-sun season.More information

Tropical Monsoon forest has three layered structure.

1.Canopy tree– from 25 to 30 m tall and grow closely together.2.Understorey layer– a layer of shorter tree about 15 m.3.Ground layer– very dense layer of shrubs.

Most of trees are deciduous trees which shed all their leaves over the same period of time.More information

Equatorial



The average monthly temperatures are about 26 – 28 degrees Celsius. The annual temperature range is very small.This climate has high rainfall of 2000 mm of rainfall or more in a year.Equarorial climate, has not seasonal variation because the climate is all the year the same.



Most trees are hardwood. They are very durable and heavy.Some examples are the Seraya, Meranti, Mahogany, Ironwood and Ebony.

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Hot deserts

It is located all around the world, in some parts of north america, south america, africa, asia, europe and oceania. The seasons are generally warm throughout the year and very hot in the summer. The winters usually bring little rainfall.Many mean annual temperatures range from 20-25° C. The extreme maximum ranges from 43.5-49° C. Minimum temperatures sometimes drop to -18° C.Rainfalls are very low. As there is a lot of evaporation, sometimes rainfall is evaporated before falling. Soils are course-textured, shallow and rocky.Plants are mainly ground-hugging shrubs and short woody trees. These plants include: yuccas, ocotillo, turpentine bush, prickly pears, false mesquite, sotol, ephedras, agaves and brittlebush.The animals include small nocturnal (active at night) carnivores. The dominant animals are burrowers and kangaroo rats. There are also insects, arachnids, reptiles and birds.
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Köppen Climate Classification System

The Köppen Climate Classification System is the most widespread system used to classify the climates of places on our planet. The system was developed by a German climatologist and amateur botanist Wladimir Köppen (1846-1940) who divided the world's climates into several major categories based upon general temperature profile related to latitude.

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I classified this climates in this classification

Equatorial: Tropical moist climate ASavannah: Dry climates BMonsoon: Tropical moist climates AHot deserts: Dry climates BCold climate: Polar climates ETundra: Polar climates E